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against the goad

  • 1 λακτίζω

    λακτίζω (λάξ adv.: ‘with the foot’; Hom. et al.; Herodas 7, 118; BGU 1007, 7 [III B.C.]; PTebt 798, 15 [II B.C.]; Jos., Ant. 4, 278) kick of draft animals, as a figure for unreasoning resistance: πρὸς κέντρα against the goad of the driver Ac 9:6 v.l.; 26:14 (s. κέντρον 2).—DELG s.v. λάξ. M-M. TW. Spicq.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > λακτίζω

  • 2 κέντρον

    κέντρον, ου, τό (κεντέω ‘prick, spur on’; Hom. et al.; BGU 544, 12; LXX; PsSol 16:4; JosAs 16:13; Philo; Jos., Bell. 2, 385, Ant. 7, 169; Ath. 13:1) gener. ‘sharp point’.
    ① the sting of an animal (Aristot. et al.; Aelian, NA 16, 27 σκορπίου) Rv 9:10 (s. Ctesias: 688 Fgm. 45 p. 490, 1 Jac. [Indica 7], a strange beast of India τὸ πρόσωπον ἐοικὸς ἀνθρώπῳ … ὥσπερ λέων … horrible teeth … σκορπίος … τὸ κέντρον in its tail, whose sting is deadly). In imagery (Aesop, Fab. 276 P. [also H-H. 273 app.]=Babr. no. 185 Cr. κ. τῆς λύπης) of death 1 Cor 15:55f after Hos 13:14 (s. ESellin, RSeeberg Festschr. I 1929, 307–14, cp. Straub 35; the imagery is transcultural: a friend of a teacher named Theodoros records in an epitaph that he felt a κέντρον ἄπαυστον, ‘unceasing sting’ because of his death [Kaibel 534, 8=Peek, GVI 1479, 8, s. New Docs 4, 157 no. 64]).
    ② a pointed stick that serves the same purpose as a whip, a goad (Hom. et al.; Pr 26:3), in a proverbial expr. (Pind., P. 2, 94 [173] [s. Ael. Aristid. 45 p. 70 D.]; Aeschyl., Ag. 1624, Prom. 323; Eur., Bacch. 795 [WNestle, Anklänge an Eur. in AG: Philol. 59, 1900, 46–57]; Fgm. Iamb. Adesp. 13 in AnthLG [D-B.] III 75: ἵππος ὄνῳ• ‘πρὸς κέντρα μὴ λακτιζέτω’ ‘a horse to an ass: “No kicking against the goads!”’ [The cj. λάκτιζέ πω proposed by Crusius—s. JEdmonds, ed., Greek Elegy and Iambus II, ’31, repr. ’79, p. 310 no. 64—is unnecessary]; ins fr. Asia Minor [JHS 8, 1887, 261]: λακτίζεις πρὸς κέντρα; AOtto, D. Sprichwörter d. Römer 1890, 331f) πρὸς κέντρα λακτίζειν kick against the goads of a balking animal, fig. of one who resists a divine call Ac 9:4 v.l.; 26:14 (on the pl. cp. Eur., loc. cit., the iambic fragment, the ins, and PGM 4, 2911 κέντροισι βιαίοις of the stings of passion; Herm. Wr. p. 482, 26 Sc.; Philo, Det. Pot. Ins. 46 πάθους κέντροις).—FSmend, Αγγελος I 1925, 34–45, esp. 41ff, but s. WKümmel, Rö 7 u. die Bekehrung des Paulus 1929, 155–57; HWindisch, ZNW 31, ’32, 10–14; further lit. in Haenchen ad loc.—B. 864. DELG s.v. κεντέω. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > κέντρον

  • 3 μυῖα

    Grammatical information: f.
    Meaning: `fly' (Il.).
    Other forms: also μῦα
    Compounds: Some compp., e.g. μυ(ι)ο-σόβη f. `fan against flies, fly-flap' (Delos IIIa, Men.), μύωψ m. `horse-fly; goad, spur' (s. v.), κυνά-μυια f. `dog-fly' (s. v.).
    Derivatives: 1. μυϊ̃τις, - ιδος f. = θλάσπι, `Capsella bursa pastoris' (Ps.-Dsc.; Redard 71), also μυιό-πτερον (ibd.), as the separating wall of the fruit was compared with the wing of a fly (Strömberg Pflanzennamen 55). -- 2. μυιϊκός `belonging to a fly' (gloss.), μυιώδης name of a god in Elis, who was also called μυί-αγρος "fly-catcher" (Plin.). -- 3. μυΐνδα παίζειν `play the game μυῖα χαλκῆ' (Poll., H.).
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [752]
    Etymology: Formation with ι̯α-suffix like νῆσσα, κίσσα and other animals' names (Chantraine Form. 98). Old word for `fly, mosquito', found in several languages, but because of its popular character subject to all kinds of transformations. PGr. *μύσ-ι̯α, from where μυῖα, agrees best with Lith. mus-ià, mus-ė̃ `fly' and with Slav., e.g. OCS mьš-i-ca `mosquito'. Beside it with k-suffix Lat. mus-ca `fly', with n-suffix Arm. mun, gen. mn-oy `mosquito', if from * mus-no-. Also an s-less basis * mu-no- is possible as a.o. in OWNo. my n. from PNord. *mū-i̯a- n. There are also forms with (secondarily developped ?) velar: Germ., e.g. OHG mucka ' Mücke', with ou-diphthong: Slav., e.g. OCS and Russ. múcha `fly' (IE * mousā) etc., s. WP. 2, 311, Pok. 752, W.-Hofmann s. musca, Fraenkel s. musė̃, Vasmer s. móška; everywhere more forms; on the morphology also Specht Ursprung 43, 203 a. 235. -- Onomatop. origin (from the humming) is quite possible, s. e.g. W.-Hofmann.
    Page in Frisk: 2,265-266

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μυῖα

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